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general description the max4004/max4006 precision, high-side, current monitors are specifically designed for monitoring photo- diode current in fiber applications. they offer a connec- tion point for the reference current and a monitor output that produces a signal proportional to the reference current. the monitor output of the max4004 is a current proportional to the reference current. the monitor out- put of the max4006 is a voltage proportional to the ref- erence current. the current monitors have six decades of dynamic range and monitor reference current of 250na to 2.5ma with better than 5% accuracy. the photodiode current can be monitored from 10na to 10ma with reduced accuracy. the max4004/max4006 accept a +2.7v to +22v supply voltage, suitable for pin photodiode applications. (for higher voltage applications, refer to the max4007/ max4008 data sheet.) internal current limiting (20ma, typ) protects the device against short-circuit-to-ground or excessive current conditions. a clamp diode protects the monitor output from overvoltage. additionally, these devices feature thermal shutdown if the die temperature reaches +150?. the max4004/max4006 are available in tiny, space- saving 6-pin sot23 and 8-pin thin qfn packages, and operate over the extended temperature range of -40c to +85c. applications photodiode current-monitoring systems portable instrumentation medical instrumentation laboratory instrumentation consumer electronics current-to-voltage conversion level translation features wide reference current dynamic range guaranteed 250na to 2.5ma with 5% accuracy extended 10na to 10ma with 10% monitor accuracy current (max4004) or voltage (max4006) monitor output reference current-limit protection (20ma, typ) voltage clamp protects subsequent output circuitry +2.7v to +22v wide voltage range operation 6-pin sot23 and 8-pin thin qfn packages max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 gnd ref out 16 bias 5 n.c. clamp max4004 max4006 sot23 top view 2 34 pin configurations ordering information 19-2742; rev 0; 1/03 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. typical operating circuit appears at end of data sheet. part temp range pin-package top mark max4004 eut-t -40 c to +85 c 6 sot23-6 abnl max4004eta -40 c to +85 c 8 thin qfn-ep* agc max4006 eut-t -40 c to +85 c 6 sot23-6 abnn MAX4006ETA -40 c to +85 c 8 thin qfn-ep* age selector guide part pin-package internal resistor typical accuracy max4004eut-t 6 sot23-6 none 5% max4004eta 8 thin qfn none 5% max4006eut-t 6 sot23-6 10k ? 1% MAX4006ETA 8 thin qfn 10k ? 1% pin configurations continued at end of data sheet. * ep = exposed pad.
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. clamp to gnd ......................................................-0.3v to +25v bias, ref to gnd ..................................................-0.3v to +25v out to gnd .........................................-0.3v to (v clamp + 0.6v) short-circuit, ref to gnd..........................................continuous current into any pin ..........................................................30ma continuous power dissipation (t a = +70 c) 6-pin sot23 (derate 8.7mw/ c above +70 c)............696mw 8-pin thin qfn (derate 24.4mw/ c above +70 c) ...1951mw operating temperature range ...........................-40 c to +85 c junction temperature ......................................................+150 c storage temperature range .............................-65 c to +150 c lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300 c electrical characteristics (v bias = 5v, gnd = 0v, ref = open, v out = 0v (max4004), clamp = open, t a = -40 c to +85 c. typical values are at t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units bias voltage range v bias inferred from power-supply rejection test 2.7 22 v i ref = 250na 40 100 a bias quiescent current i bias i ref = 2.5ma 3.6 4 ma reference voltage v ref i ref = 2.5ma v bias - 1.1 v bias - 0.8 v thermal shutdown engage temperature t shdn ref shorted to gnd, junction temperature rising 150 c trip-point temperature hysteresis t hys ref shorted to gnd, junction temperature falling 5 c input current limit i lim v ref = v bias - 5v 20 ma i ref = 250na 0.3 f = 0.1hz to 10hz i ref = 2.5ma 63 i ref = 250na 9.2 max4004 output current noise i nout f = 0.1hz to 10khz i ref = 2.5ma 1240 pa rms i ref = 250na 0.041 f = 0.1hz to 10hz i ref = 2.5ma 0.63 i ref = 250na 1.3 max4006 output voltage noise e nout f = 0.1hz to 10khz i ref = 2.5ma 12.5 v rms i ref = 250na 50 g ? max4004 i ref = 2.5ma 5 m ? output resistance r out max4006 10 k ? output leakage ref = open 1 pa output voltage range v out v bia s = 2.7v to 22v , i re f = 0 to 1m a, max4004: ? i out /i out = 1%, max4006: ? v out /i out = 1% 0 to v bias - 1.5 0 to v bias - 0.85 v
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 note 1: all devices are 100% tested at room temperature (t a = +25 c). all temperature limits are guaranteed by design. electrical characteristics (continued) (v bias = 5v, gnd = 0v, ref = open, v out = 0v (max4004), clamp = open, t a = -40 c to +85 c. typical values are at t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units output clamp voltage v out - v clamp 0.6 v output clamp leakage v clamp = 0 to 22v 1 pa i ref = 250na 0.09 0.099 0.11 i ref = 2.5ma 0.094 0.095 0.106 max4004 current gain i out /i ref i ref = 10ma, v bias = 12v 0.098 ma/ma i ref = 250na 0.9 0.995 1.1 i ref = 2.5ma 0.95 0.998 1.05 max4006 transimpedance gain v out /i ref i ref = 10ma, v bias = 12v 0.992 v/ma i ref = 250na 50 1000 ( ? i ou t /i ou t ) / ? v bias max4004: v bias = 2.7v to 22v i ref = 1ma 50 1000 power-supply rejection ratio (psrr) ( ? v ou t /v ou t ) / ? v bias max4006: v bias = 2.7v to 22v i ref = 1ma 50 1000 ppm/v i ref = 250na 7.5 ms power-up settling time t s i ou t settl es w ithi n 0.1%, c in = 10nf b etw een re f and gn d i ref = 2.5ma 90 s
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) supply current vs. supply voltage max4004/6 toc01 supply voltage (v) supply current (ma) 20 14 8 0.1 1 10 0.01 226 i ref = 250na i ref = 2.5ma supply current vs. reference current max4004/6 toc02 i ref (a) supply current (ma) 1m 100 10 1 100n 0.1 1 10 0.01 10n 10m v bias = 5v supply current vs. temperature max4004/6 toc03 temperature ( c) supply current (ma) 60 35 10 -15 0.1 1 10 0.01 -40 85 i ref = 250na i ref = 2.5ma v bias = 5v gain error vs. reference current max4004/6 toc04 i ref (a) gain error (%) 1m 100 10 1 100n -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 -5 10n 10m v bias = 5v -4.0 -2.5 -3.0 -3.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0 0.5 1.0 -40 10 -15 35 60 85 gain error vs. temperature max4004/6 toc05 temperature ( c) gain error (%) i ref = 10na i ref = 5ma i ref = 2.5a i ref = 250 a i ref = 2.5 a i ref = 250na v bias = 5v -1.4 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 2 7 12 17 22 gain error vs. bias voltage max4004/6 toc06 v bias (v) gain error (%) i ref = 250na i ref = 25 a i ref = 2.5ma i ref = 5ma transient response (v bias = 5v) max4004/6 toc07 i out 0.1ma/div i ref 1.0ma/div 400ns/div 0a 0a
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 10ms/div startup delay (v bias = 2.7v, i ref = 250na) ch1 max4004/6 toc10 0v 0v ch2 r ref = 8.8m ? r1 = 0 ? r test = 8.1m ? ch1: 1v/div ch2: 50mv/div v bias r test r ref bias ch2 13pf ch1 r1 d.u.t. ref out 10ms/div startup delay (v bias = 2.7v, i ref = 2.5ma) ch1 max4004/6 toc11 0v 0v ch2 r ref = 794 ? r1 = 0 ? r test = 4.01k ? ch1: 1v/div ch2: 200mv/div v bias r test r ref bias ch2 13pf ch1 r1 d.u.t. ref out 20ms/div short-circuit response (v bias = 5v) max4004/6 toc12 0a ch1 ch1: i bias , 10ma/div a: ref shorts to gnd b: current limit active c: thermal shutdown a b c t a = +148 c typical operating characteristics (continued) (t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) 40ms/div startup delay (v bias = 5v, i ref = 250na) ch1 max4004/6 toc08 0v 0v ch2 r ref = 16.8m ? r1 = 118m ? r test = 1.67m ? ch1: 2v/div ch2: 10mv/div v bias r test r ref bias ch2 13pf ch1 r1 d.u.t. ref out 4ms/div startup delay (v bias = 5v, i ref = 2.5ma) ch1 max4004/6 toc09 0v 0v ch2 r ref = 1.68k ? r1 = 0 ? r test = 14.0k ? ch1: 2v/div ch2: 1v/div v bias r test r ref bias ch2 13pf ch1 r1 d.u.t. ref out
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (continued) (t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) pin description pin max4004 max4006 sot23 thin qfn sot23 thin qfn name function 1 5 1 5 clamp clamp voltage input. external potential used for voltage clamping of v out . 2 3 2 3 gnd ground 34 out current-monitor output. out sources a current of 1/10th i ref . 4141ref reference current output. ref provides the source current to the cathode of the photodiode. 5 2, 6, 7 5 2, 6, 7 n.c. no connection. not internally connected. 6 8 6 8 bias bias voltage input. bias voltage for photodiode. 3 4 out current-monitor output. out presents a voltage proportional to i ref at 1v/ma. an internal 10k ? resistor connects out to gnd (see functional diagram ). 10ms/div short-circuit response (v bias = 22v) max4004/6 toc13 0a ch1 ch1: i bias , 10ma/div a: ref shorts to gnd b: current limit active c: thermal shutdown a b c t a = +120 c voltage drop vs. reference current max4004/6 toc14 reference current (a) v bias - v ref (v) 1m 100 10 1 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 0 100n 10m a: t a = -40 c b: t a = +25 c c: t a = +85 c d: t a = +100 c a b c d v bias = 2.7v
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 functional diagrams detailed description the max4004/max4006 are versatile current monitors intended for monitoring dc photodiode current in fiber applications (see the functional diagram ). the max4004 output is a current that is exactly one-tenth of the reference current. the max4006 outputs a voltage that is proportional to the reference current with a tran- simpedance gain of 1v/ma achieved by a factory- trimmed, internal 10k ? resistor. both current devices have six decades of dynamic range and monitor reference current ranging from 250na to 2.5ma, the nominal operating range, with better than 5% accuracy across the entire reference current, bias voltage, and temperature ranges. the corresponding monitor outputs produce 25na to 0.25ma (max4004) and 0.25mv to 2.5v (max4006). when the reference currents are extended to the broader range of 10na to 10ma, an accuracy of less than 10% is maintained. internal current limiting (20ma, typ) protects the device against short-circuit-to-ground conditions, and a thermal shutdown feature reduces both the reference current and the monitor current to zero if the die temperature reaches +150 c. the max4004/max4006 accept a +2.7v to +22v supply voltage, suitable for pin photodiode applica- tions. a clamping diode, shown in the functional diagram , is provided to protect subsequent output cir- cuitry from an overvoltage condition. applications information clamping the monitor output voltage clamp provides a means for diode clamping the volt- age at out, thus v out is limited to v clamp + 0.6v. clamp can be connected to either an external supply, to bias, or can be left floating if voltage clamping is not required. using pin photodiodes in fiber applications when using the max4004/max4006 to monitor pin photodiode currents in fiber applications, several issues must be addressed. in applications where the photodiode must be fully depleted, keep track of volt- ages budgeted for each component with respect to the available supply voltage(s). the current monitor requires as much as 1.2v between bias and ref, which must be considered as part of the overall voltage budget. additional voltage margin can be created if a negative supply is used in place of a ground connection, as long as the overall voltage drop experienced by the max4004/max4006 is less than or equal to 22v. for this type of application, the max4004 is suggested so the output can be referenced to true ground and not the negative supply. the max4004 s output current can be referenced as desired with either a resistor to ground or a transimpedance amplifier. take care to ensure that output voltage excursions do not interfere with the required margin between bias and out. current clamp 10x bias ref clamp out 1x gnd max4004 current monitor current clamp 10x bias ref clamp out 1x max4006 current monitor 10k ? gnd
max4004/max4006 in many fiber applications, out is connected directly to an adc that operates from a supply voltage that is less than the voltage at bias. connecting the max4004/max4006 s clamping diode output, clamp, to the adc power supply helps avoid damage to the adc. without this protection, voltages can develop at out that can destroy the adc. this protection is less critical when out is connected directly to subsequent transimpedance amplifiers (linear or logarithmic) that have low-impedance, near-ground-referenced inputs. if a transimpedance amp is used on the low side of the photodiode, its voltage drop must also be considered. leakage from the clamping diode is most often insignif- icant over nominal operating conditions, but grows with temperature. to maintain low levels of wideband noise, lowpass filter- ing the output signal is suggested in applications where only dc measurements are required. determining the required filtering components is straightforward, as the max4004 exhibits a very high output impedance (>5m ? ), while the max4006 exhibits an output resis- tance of 10k ? . in some applications where pilot tones are used to iden- tify specific fiber channels, higher bandwidths are desired at out to detect these tones. consider the mini- mum and maximum currents to be detected, then con- sult the frequency response and noise typical operating curves. if the minimum current is too small, insufficient monitor bandwidth could result, while too high of a cur- rent could result in excessive monitor noise across the desired bandwidth. see the max4009 family for devices intended for fiber applications using pilot tones. bypassing and external components in applications where power-supply noise can interfere with dc diode measurements, additional filtering is sug- gested. such noise is commonly seen when switching power supplies are used to generate the photodiode bias voltage. as shown in the typical operating circuit, a pi filter (two 0.22f capacitors and one 2.2h inductor) greatly suppress power-supply switching noise. if such a filter is already present in the bias-generating circuit, only a simple bypass capacitor at the bias pin is sug- gested. the output lowpass filter, a 10k ? resistor and a 10nf capacitor, further reduce permeating power-sup- ply noise as well as other wideband noise that might otherwise restrict measurements at low signal levels. again, reducing the bandwidth of the out signal can affect performance of pilot-tone systems. to restrict high-frequency photodiode signals from affecting the current monitor and bias power supply, an rf choke and 10nf capacitor can be added. the capacitance presented to ref should not exceed 10nf; larger values increase startup time and could cause the thermal shutdown circuit to activate during startup. exposed pad the 8-pin thin qfn package has an exposed pad on the bottom of the ic. see the package for dimensions and connect the exposed pad to gnd. high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 chip information typical operating circuit current clamp pin photodiode +2.7v to +22v 2.2 h 0.22 f 10nf 10k ? 0.22 f 10x bias ref clamp out 1x adc tia gnd +5v +5v to limiting amplifier high-speed data path max4004 current monitor n.c. clamp out 1 2 8 7 bias n.c. n.c. gnd ref thin qfn top view 3 4 6 5 max4004 max4006 pin configurations (continued) transistor count: 195 process: bicmos
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ package information (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) 6lsot.eps
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 package information (continued) (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) 6, 8, &10l, qfn thin.eps package outline, 6, 8 & 10l, qfn thin (dual), exposed pad, 3x3x0.80 mm 21-0137 c
max4004/max4006 high-accuracy, high-side current monitors in sot23 maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circuit patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 ? 2003 maxim integrated products printed usa is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products. package information (continued) (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) common dimensions symbol min. max. a 0.70 0.80 d 2.90 3.10 e 2.90 3.10 a1 0.00 0.05 l 0.20 0.40 pkg. code 6 n t633-1 1.50 ? 0.10 d2 2.30 ? 0.10 e2 0.95 bsc e mo229 / weea jedec spec 0.40 ? 0.05 b 1.90 ref [(n/2)-1] x e 1.50 ? 0.10 mo229 / weec 1.95 ref 0.30 ? 0.05 0.65 bsc 2.30 ? 0.10 t833-1 8 package variations 21-0137 package outline, 6, 8 & 10l, qfn thin (dual), exposed pad, 3x3x0.80 mm c 0.25 ? 0.05 2.00 ref mo229 / weed-3 0.50 bsc 1.50 ? 0.10 2.30 ? 0.10 10 t1033-1 0.25 min k a2 0.20 ref.

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